Electric vehicles have become popular these days since they are more environment friendly and efficient. However, EV range loss in winter is a common problem. It would be beneficial for the owners to understand why the EV range is reduced in cold weather and how to minimize the effects.
Here in this article, we would share with you the reasons that make EVs’ ranges reduce during the winter time and give tips on maximizing an EV’s range in a cold weather system.
Why does the EV range come down during winters?
The EV batteries employ a lithium-ion cell, the performance of which is greatest at temperatures between 20-25°C. Whenever the temperature falls, there is an increase in internal resistance in the battery which needs to be drawn upon from the battery with more energy, thus it affects the efficiency of the chemistry inside the battery causing a loss in storing energy and the release of that energy which further affects its EV range. Range could become as low as 10-50% of a cold one.
Extra usage of the battery is cabin heating in winter as electric vehicles are incapable of using engine heat like its gas alternative would.
Snow and rainy weather add resistance and thus reduce an EV’s range.
5 ways to extend EV range in cold
Adhere to these tips to get the best you can out of your EV in the cold:
- Charge, and thus preheat the EV.
Preconditioning an EV over a charger before leaving would draw power from the grid, not from the battery. In fact, many electric vehicles come with a feature called preconditioning that would warm up the vehicle, including its battery, for enhanced range while still in the charging process.
- Warmer passengers, not cabin
Instead of heating the whole cabin, try the heated seats and steering wheel, which consume less energy. Most EVs have zone-based heating, where you can heat only that area that you need. This will consume less of your battery and, consequently, will increase the EV range.
- Eco-Mode and slow down.
Activate the Eco-Mode to conserve energy used in your EV. The Eco-Mode and slow driving save on energy usage even when you reduce speed by a few miles per hour on the highway.
- Keep recharging regularly
Cold weather reduces the capacity of a battery, and thus a battery should be kept within 20% and 80%. Most electric cars also have an option known as battery pre-conditioning, which preheats the battery before use. Regular top-ups will assist the battery in functioning at its best during the cold.
- Tire Pressure and Winter Tires Check
Low temperatures lower tire pressure, which increases resistance. Keep your tire pressure at the level specified by the manufacturer to boost EV range. If you live in a snowy region, you will find that tires designed for winter weather provide more traction, which translates to less energy usage.
Additional Tips to Maximize EV Range in Winter
These extra methods may help extend the EV range during winter:
- When feasible, park in a garage. Parking the car within a garage keeps some warm air surrounding the battery for protection from the cold breezes.
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Remove snow- As much weight and friction that is brought by sticking together of snow to an automobile tends to stress the battery.
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Conservation of auxiliary usage appliances- Turn off most availability to auxiliary usage appliances and among them are rear window heaters and side mirrors’ heaters for maximum access into EV range of the battery.
Conclusion: Maximizing EV Range in Winter
Winter poses unique challenges for EV owners, with reduced EV range due to colder temperatures and increased energy demands. By understanding the reasons behind this seasonal range drop and following practical tips like preheating, using efficient heating methods, and monitoring tire pressure, drivers can maximize their EV’s efficiency during winter. Small adjustments in driving and charging habits, along with conserving battery for essential functions, go a long way in enhancing range. As EV technology evolves, these strategies can help owners enjoy a more efficient winter driving experience, maintaining confidence in their electric vehicle throughout the colder months.
